均压环安装位置对220kV复合绝缘子覆冰及其闪络特性的影响

在人工气候室对不同位置安装均压环的220 kV复合绝缘子进行了人工带电覆冰试验,分析了均压环安装位置对绝缘子覆冰及电气特性的影响。结果表明:复合绝缘子本身电场分布极不均匀,使不同均压环安装位置对改善电场分布的效果不尽相同,从而对复合绝缘子覆冰有明显影响。高压端均压环使高压端伞裙覆冰比较均匀,冰棱生长较长,均压环冰棱呈向外弯曲生长,提高冰闪电压;低压端均压环使低压端伞裙相邻冰棱之间发生粘接,均压环冰棱基本呈垂直生长,降低冰闪电压;绝缘子和均压环表面覆冰密度大于冰棱冰密,安装均压环的高压端或低压端,其表面和冰棱冰密都大于不带均压环时;仅高压端带均压环时的绝缘子自身冰重大于仅低压端带均压环时。     

基于快速鲁棒性特征匹配的电气化铁路绝缘子不良状态检测

针对电气化铁路接触网非接触式图像检测中绝缘子不良状态的自动识别定位问题,提出一种基于快速鲁棒性特征(speeded-up robust features,SURF)匹配的检测方法。该方法首先通过SURF进行待检测图像中绝缘子的特征提取与匹配;接着对绝缘子进行角度校正及形态学操作等预处理;最后纵向统计绝缘子灰度并根据其灰度极小值分布规律识别和定位其不良状态。实验表明,该方法能较准确快速地识别绝缘子,且对其不良状态的自动识别结果也较为准确,为电气化铁路接触网绝缘安全检测问题提供新的参考。     

GIS金属法兰孔特高频信号传播特性研究与外置式发射天线开发

在未安装内置式特高频(ultra-high-frequency,UHF)传感器的情况下,如何向气体绝缘金属封闭开关设备(gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear,GIS)内部注入UHF电磁波标定信号是目前开展GIS局部放电UHF在线监测系统灵敏度现场校验时面临的关键问题之一。提出了GIS外置式UHF电磁波发射方法,即通过盆式绝缘子金属法兰小孔注入标定信号。通过仿真和理论分析研究了UHF电磁波经过小孔时的传播模式和电场结构,通过加脊降低了矩形波导天线的下限截止频率,研制了双脊波导发射天线,在GIS设备上检验了该发射方法及装置的应用效果。研究表明,UHF电磁波以TE10波型为主模经过小孔传播,双脊波导天线的下限截止频率降到了300 MHz,通过它能够向GIS内部发射300MHz 1.5GHz的UHF标定信号。GIS体外式UHF标定信号注入方法可以为GIS局部放电UHF检测仪器现场灵敏度校验提供标定信号源。     

特高压直流分段式复合绝缘子应用研究

800 kV特高压直流输电线路杆塔可能采用分段复合绝缘子,针对采用分段式复合绝缘子可能带来的各种技术问题,开展了800 kV直流线路V型分段式复合绝缘子串电场计算及均压特性、塔头空气间隙操作冲击放电特性和电晕特性试验等方面的研究。研究结果表明,V型分段式复合绝缘子串中间连接金具配置小均压环后,能有效改善中间金具端部的电场强度;操作冲击试验与单边采用单支绝缘子组成的的V型串塔头间隙没有明显差别,但放电路径会受到影响;中间金具在1 050 kV电压下均无电晕产生。根据研究结果,若特高压直流工程使用V型分段复合绝缘子,高、低压侧均压环配置仍可沿用特高压直流V型整支复合绝缘子的均压环配置方案,推荐直流分段式复合绝缘子的中间连接部位分别安装小均压环,以避免电弧对复合绝缘子端部压接区的影响。研究成果为后续特高压直流工程的设计和绝缘子选型提供技术依据。     

声纹识别与支柱瓷绝缘子的振动声学检测

针对目前各种瓷支柱绝缘子在线检测方法存在的不足,提出采用声纹识别算法进行绝缘子检测结果分析。介绍了振动声学法检测法和声纹识别算法的原理,通过声纹分析技术建立声纹特征矢量库,采用该声纹特征矢量库对某变电站支柱瓷绝缘子的振动声学检测结果进行处理。结果显示,正常绝缘子和有缺陷绝缘子的检测结果在声纹上有着不同的特征,声纹分析技术能有效分辨出有缺陷的绝缘子,达到与人工判断同样的效果。     

±800kV特高压直流线路带电作业研究现状分析

带电作业可有效保证±800 kV特高压直流输电线路安全稳定运行。针对±800 kV特高压直流线路带电作业研究现状,分析了进出等电位方法,研究了作业安全距离和组合间隙距离,确定了安全防护原则,并提出了一种基于光纤电场传感器的绝缘子检测方法,为±800 kV特高压直流输电线路带电作业提供了依据和参考。     

基才APDL语言的扭矩加载方法分析

在石油钻井中,扭矩作为钻井振动间接测量参数,受地层、钻头、钻具结构、井眼形状、钻压、转速、泵冲、钻井液性能以及地面机械因素的影响。本文就钻柱实际受力与变形分析中出现的扭矩加载问题进行了研究,给出了加载扭矩的详细方法和步骤,并运用 APDL 语言编写了相应程序,为结构受力与变形分析提供了依据。     

Investigation of Excessive Material on Insulating Properties Using Different Heat Transfer Fluid for Thermal Energy Storage Development

Though TES （thermal energy storage） is developed hugely in most of the solar power generation plants, it is less growth in implementing a modular type of TES in a solar plant, e.g., solar dish/stifling engine application. The main issue in designing the TES system is its thermal capacity of storage materials, e.g., insulator. This study is focusing on the potential waste material as an insulator for thermal energy storage applications. The insulator usage is to reduce the heat transfer between two mediums and the capability is measured by its resistance to heat flow. It is needed to obtain optimal materials to energy conversion at the same time reduce the waste generation. Therefore, a small-scale experimental testing of natural cooling process of an insulated tank within a confined room without any forced cooling system, e.g., fan. The testing is repeated by changing the insulator using the potential waste material from natural and industrial waste and also by changing the HTF （heat transfer fluid）. The analysis is performed on the relationship between heat loss and the reserved period by the insulator. The results indicate the percentage of period of the insulated tank withstands the heat compared to non-insulated tank, e.g., cotton reserved the period of 14% more than non-insulated tank to withstand the heat transfer of cooking oil to the surrounding. The paper finally justifies the most potential waste material as an insulator in different heat transfer fluids.     

TiO2-poly(4-vinylphenol) nanocomposite dielectrics for organic thin film transistors

We report on the fabrication of organic thin film transistors (OTFTs), which operate at low voltages, by incorporating a nanocomposite gate insulator material consisting of titania (TiO₂) nanoparticles used as fillers and poly(4-vinyl phenol) (PVP) used as matrix. The surface of the nanoparticles was modified by the ligands, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, to enhance their compatibility with the polymer. The structure of the ligand is similar to that of the repeat units in the polymer. Once the nanoparticles were homogeneously dispersed in the polymer matrix, they were immobilized by cross-linking PVP with poly(melamine-co-formaldehyde) methylated/butylated (cross-linker). Consequently, no significant aggregation of the nanoparticles, even at a concentration of 31 wt%, was found in the nanocomposites, as observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As a result, the nanocomposite exhibited a low leakage current density (∼10⁻⁸ A/cm⁻²). With an increase in the concentration of TiO₂ nanoparticles added, the dielectric constant of the nanocomposites also increased proportionately as compared to that of pristine PVP. The performance of the OTFTs in terms of the charge carrier mobility, on/off ratio, threshold voltages, and hysteresis was evaluated. In addition, the relationship between the concentration of TiO₂ nanoparticles and the device performance is discussed in detail.     

高产气井完井管柱横向振动分析

考虑完井管柱轴向激振力及自重力的影响,运用瑞利-里兹级数法描述了高产气井完井管柱挠曲变形方程.以此为基础,根据雷利(L.Rayleigh)法导出了高产气井完井管柱横向振动频率方程,进而得到了钻柱在管柱相应振动频率下的钻速方程.分析结果表明:该数学模型的精度较高,实用性较好.为揭示高产气井完井管柱横向振动规律提供了一种行之有效的方法.